![]() Tertiary fossil forests of the Geodetic Hills, Axel Heiberg Island, Arctic Archipelago. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 40: 171–263.Ĭhristie, R.L. A revision of fossil Sequoia and Taxodium in western North America based on the recent discovery of Metasequoia. University of California Press, Berkley.Ĭhaney, R.W. Ecological Strategies of Xylem Evolution. University of Canterbury, Christchurch.Ĭarlquist, S. Variation of Young’s modulus with microfibril angle, density and spiral grain. Physiological ecology of Mesozoic polar forests in a high CO 2 environment. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 403: 39–66.īeerling, D.J. The fossil forests of the Buchanan Lake Formation (early Tertiary), Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic: Preliminary floristics and paleoclimate. International Journal of Plant Science 159: 367–390.īasinger, J.F. nov.: First occurrence of Taxodium from the Upper Cretaceous. University of Canterbury, Christchurch.Īulenback, K.R. Modeling the influence of microfibril angle on stiffness and shrinkage on radiata pine. Forest Products Society, Madison, Wisconsin.Īstley, R.J., J.J. Wood Handbook-Wood as an Engineering Material. American Chemical Society Symposium Series 617: 170–192.Īnon. ![]() Analysis of fossil resins from Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic. Finally, although Larix Miller demonstrated improved water-use-efficiency under continuous light, it had a less-competitive photobiology than Metasequoia, and sequestered more resources into stem biomass. Glyptostrobus Endlicher would have been restricted to minor component status by its slow growth rate and short stature. Sequoia Endlicher should have been highly competitive, but was likely limited by its evergreen habit. Based on these physiological comparisons we conclude that Taxodium Richard would have been limited primarily by a significant decrease in photosynthetic efficiency when growing under continuous light. Don) Endlicher, Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard, Glyptostrobus pensilis (Staunton ex D. To estimate the relative competitiveness of the fossil conifers, mechanical/hydraulic stem attributes, photosynthetic water-use-efficiency and photobiology were compared among extant nearest-living-relatives: Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng, Sequoia sempervirens (D. Although the fossil remains of several conifer species have been found from numerous lowland Eocene sites throughout the very high latitudes (above 75° N), many were rarities, and only Metasequoia Miki appeared to have thrived under the warm and unique lighting conditions of the High Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
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